What is a 341 Bankruptcy Hearing? (Creditor's Meeting) - YouTube

Channel: unknown

[1]
- So today we're gonna go
[2]
over what is a 341 hearing in bankruptcy?
[7]
People often hear
[8]
about this when they're thinking about filing bankruptcy
[10]
they hear about a creditors meeting or a 341 hearing.
[14]
So those are held in every bankruptcy case for individuals.
[20]
So I'm gonna go over just some of the basics of them,
[22]
how to prepare for it,
[24]
and some of the common questions
[26]
or things that are gonna happen.
[28]
Now, this is informational only
[30]
it might not apply to your case
[32]
and this is based on where I practice
[35]
in the central district of California.
[37]
So each district, federal district could be
[40]
a little different in exactly how they do this
[42]
but it is based on federal law,
[44]
so it should be pretty uniform depending
[46]
on where you're located.
[48]
What is a 341 hearing?
[51]
341 hearing it's not actually technically a hearing
[54]
in front of a judge in court.
[56]
It's more of an informal creditors meeting.
[59]
And it's meeting with a bankruptcy trustee,
[61]
who is someone who is appointed to oversee your case.
[65]
It's required in every single case that you file
[68]
whether it's chapter seven or a 13 or even an 11.
[72]
And it's an informal creditors meeting.
[75]
Technically it serves a couple purposes.
[77]
It's to give creditors an opportunity
[80]
to ask you questions about your assets and your debts
[85]
and also for the trustee who's assigned to your case
[89]
to ask you questions as well.
[91]
Now the trustee is typically a private attorney,
[93]
a local attorney that's experienced in bankruptcy
[97]
that's assigned by the court to oversee your case.
[101]
Usually they will appoint them
[102]
immediately after the case is filed.
[105]
And so you'll know who the trustee is gonna be.
[109]
How do you prepare for a 341 meeting?
[111]
Well, you're gonna get notice of the 341 meeting
[115]
as soon as you file your bankruptcy case,
[118]
they typically schedule about 30 to 45 days out
[121]
from the date that you file for your 341 to take place.
[125]
They'll give you the location, the date and the time.
[128]
And that's gonna be provided in writing
[130]
by a notice from the court to you also to your attorney,
[134]
if you have an attorney in your case.
[136]
And it also goes out to all creditors to give them notice
[139]
of the creditors meeting.
[142]
During the pandemic the creditors meetings have been held
[146]
by zoom video conference or by phone,
[150]
although in the past and probably in the future,
[154]
they are held in-person
[155]
at the local bankruptcy courts and usually in a meeting room
[159]
and you're gathered there with,
[161]
it could be 10 to 50 other people
[163]
all scheduled around the same timeframe
[166]
and like a one-hour block.
[169]
So there's gonna be a lot of other people
[170]
either on the zoom conference call or in person.
[174]
And when you're getting ready for the 341 meeting
[177]
it's a pretty informal meeting.
[178]
So it's nothing get too stressed about,
[181]
however, you should have a copy
[182]
of your petition and schedules.
[184]
And those are the documents that you filed
[186]
when you filed your case.
[188]
So you have those reviewed and with you for the hearing.
[193]
Now, if you're doing the 341 meeting
[195]
by phone or by video, be sure, very sure
[200]
to have it somewhere where there's no background noise
[203]
and you have a copy of your petition
[205]
and schedules with you
[207]
and you're not driving or doing anything else at the time
[211]
because the trustee may not hear your case
[214]
if there's distractions like that
[215]
because there's so many other cases that need to take place.
[219]
Having the schedules and petition with you is gonna help
[223]
to make sure you can answer their questions.
[225]
They might ask you specific questions about something
[228]
how you listed an assets in your schedules.
[232]
So you wanna be able to refer
[233]
to whatever page they're talking about.
[236]
Prior to the 341
[237]
they're going to ask for a number of documents
[240]
that either you or your attorney
[242]
if you have one needs to provide to them
[244]
prior to the hearing,
[246]
and it's important that you get it in plenty of time to them
[249]
because they could continue your case
[251]
to a different hearing date,
[253]
or they could potentially ask the court to dismiss your case
[256]
if you're not complying
[258]
because you're obligated to comply
[259]
with requests of the trustee assigned to your case.
[263]
They're gonna ask for things like your driver's license,
[266]
social security card, or other proof of your identity
[269]
and social security number,
[271]
which can be provided in other forms
[274]
if you don't have those documents
[275]
but those have to be provided ahead of time.
[278]
They'll usually wanna see your last couple
[279]
of years tax returns and possibly bank statements,
[283]
statements regarding real estate or insurance
[287]
just depends on the type of case,
[288]
but they will provide a list of documents
[291]
that they wanna see.
[293]
Make sure you get all those ahead of time
[295]
and make sure you obviously calendar the date and time
[298]
and you show up ahead of time
[301]
because they have so many cases they have to deal with
[304]
that they're not gonna wait around if you're late.
[306]
And if that happens,
[309]
they might continue the meeting to another date
[311]
or they could ask the court to dismiss your case.
[314]
So it's very important that you're there
[316]
and you're there ahead of time.
[318]
And that you've provided all the documents
[319]
that they request.
[323]
Some of the standard questions that are asked
[327]
and I'll put up a list of sort of the standard questions
[333]
in the central districts
[334]
that are asked by most trustees
[336]
that are assigned to your case.
[339]
When they call your case,
[340]
then they're gonna ask you to state your name
[343]
and put you under oath
[344]
so you're gonna swear under the penalty of perjury
[347]
that everything you're saying is truthful.
[350]
Now this is an informal meeting
[351]
usually taking place in more of an office type setting,
[354]
however, the trustee assigned
[356]
to your case does represent the government
[359]
and if you're caught lying about something
[362]
you forget to list something and you avoid it,
[366]
be thinking that you don't have to list it
[369]
you have to be completely truthful in that 341 meeting
[372]
because they can refer this case to the FBI
[375]
because lying or falsifying information in a bankruptcy case
[379]
is a federal crime investigated by the FBI.
[383]
So it's very important that you provide all information,
[386]
answer everything as truly incorrectly as you can.
[390]
Generally, the 341 meeting is gonna be pretty quick
[393]
in most cases.
[396]
As long as everything looks normal
[398]
in your petition and schedules
[400]
they're just gonna ask you some basics
[401]
about is this your current address that you listed?
[405]
Did you read and sign the petition
[407]
and everything that you filed with the court?
[410]
Are you familiar
[411]
with the information contained in the documents?
[413]
Is the information true and correct?
[416]
Are there any errors or omissions?
[418]
Do you need to make any changes to anything?
[421]
One thing to note that I get
[422]
a lot of common questions on is, well, we filed on June 1st
[427]
but I got a new job in July before the creditor's meeting,
[432]
do I need to update the schedules
[433]
or tell him we need to change something?
[436]
Most of the time no, you do not need to make changes.
[439]
Your bankruptcy is based
[440]
upon the date that you file your petition.
[443]
And so when they're asking about, is everything correct?
[446]
They're asking when you filed
[448]
the documents was everything correct?
[450]
So generally there's no obligation to go back in
[454]
and keep updating them as things change
[456]
if your expenses or income changes.
[460]
There can be some exceptions to that
[462]
if you get, for example, if you receive a tax refund
[469]
that you should have listed as a potential asset coming in
[473]
and you get that after you filed
[475]
you need to make sure that's disclosed.
[477]
Or if you obtain, you inherit something
[482]
within several months after filing bankruptcy
[484]
that is something you may need to disclose.
[486]
So you need to take a look at that
[488]
or talk to an attorney if you have one
[490]
to see if that's something you might need to disclose.
[494]
They're gonna ask you if you've listed everything you own
[497]
and if you're married, but only one of you filed bankruptcy
[500]
you still have to list assets of both spouses.
[503]
So they're gonna ask to make sure you listed everything.
[506]
Did you list all of your creditors,
[508]
everyone that you owe money to?
[511]
Have you ever filed bankruptcy before?
[513]
Because there are limits
[514]
on how often you can file bankruptcy.
[517]
Are the tax returns that you provided true and correct?
[521]
Do you have domestic support obligations?
[523]
So do you owe money for child or spousal support?
[526]
If so, most trustees have a separate form.
[529]
They're gonna want you to fill out and sign ahead of time
[532]
to provide to them to disclose
[534]
if you have a domestic support obligation
[537]
and if you're current or if you have back owed amounts.
[542]
And if the address of your employer
[544]
if any is on there is correct.
[547]
And most trustees will ask you
[551]
if you've read the bankruptcy information sheet.
[554]
Which is a sheet that is provided
[557]
either electronically ahead of time,
[560]
or if your meeting is in person.
[563]
Here in the central district it's called a green sheet
[565]
because it's printed on green paper
[568]
and it's in the meeting room
[569]
that you can take and look at and read through.
[572]
Here's a copy a sample.
[574]
It's basically just an informational brochure
[578]
about bankruptcy.
[579]
And a lot of this stuff is supposed to have been disclosed
[582]
if you had an attorney prior to filing talking
[585]
about what is bankruptcy?
[588]
What are the different types of bankruptcy?
[591]
What's a discharge?
[592]
And just general information.
[594]
This one's only two pages.
[595]
So it's quick to read through
[597]
and they'll usually have it in versions
[599]
in English and Spanish and sometimes other languages.
[603]
But they'll ask you to make sure
[604]
that you've read through it.
[605]
So you understand the requirements of bankruptcy.
[609]
And generally unless the trustee sees something
[612]
that stands out,
[615]
that might request more information.
[618]
So if there's an asset that they think
[620]
maybe the value isn't right,
[623]
you listed a car and you said it has, it's only worth $5
[627]
but most cars unless they're junk they have some value.
[630]
So they might ask you about the type of car
[634]
if they think there's a bank account that you didn't list
[637]
any kind of asset they think
[639]
might not properly be represented
[641]
they're gonna ask more information about
[643]
but if you've disclosed everything
[645]
and being been completely forthcoming
[648]
it generally takes a few minutes for the creditor's meeting
[651]
once your name is called and then you're done.
[654]
If there's information that they ask that you don't have
[660]
they may ask for additional documents.
[661]
So they might want some bank statements
[664]
or some other kind of document
[667]
and they will continue your 341 meeting to a new date
[670]
sometimes 30 days out just depends on their schedule.
[674]
And they'll ask you to provide those documents
[677]
prior to the new hearing date.
[679]
And then if you provide them a lot of times,
[683]
they will say you don't have to appear at the next meeting
[686]
because they have what they need to decide
[688]
what to do with your case.
[691]
Once they've received everything
[692]
then basically the case is going to go
[697]
to them to make a decision on what needs to take place
[701]
whether it's chapter seven, chapter 13 case.
[705]
If it's a chapter seven and there's no assets there,
[708]
there's nothing there for them to sell off
[711]
to liquidate and pay your creditors.
[713]
They'll issue a report of no assets.
[716]
And that's something electronically filed
[719]
usually within days after the meeting is done
[722]
and they file that with the court
[724]
so the court knows the 341 meeting is concluded
[728]
and that starts a 60 day waiting period
[730]
before your discharge in a chapter seven.
[734]
After the 341 you wanna make sure
[736]
you've taken the second course in bankruptcy,
[738]
which is the personal financial management.
[741]
That can be done anytime after you file your case
[744]
but you wanna make sure it's taken care of,
[747]
shortly after the 341 if you haven't already done it.
[751]
In a chapter seven once you do that, then you're done.
[755]
You have to wait for your discharge to take place.
[758]
And an order will be issued by the court of your discharge
[761]
that you'll get in the mail.
[763]
If it's a chapter 13, you have to attend
[766]
unless your attorney or someone tells you
[768]
you don't have to attend,
[770]
a confirmation hearing before a judge
[772]
to see if your chapter 13 plan will be confirmed
[775]
and provide any kind of documents
[779]
or possibly the first payments out of the 13 plan.
[783]
So that's something that takes place after the 341
[787]
and the confirmation hearing will be scheduled
[790]
after the 341 and it's usually scheduled right
[792]
when you file your case.
[795]
So that's the basics of the 341.
[799]
It's a pretty informal process,
[801]
but you do need to still take it seriously
[803]
and make sure you comply.
[805]
If you don't show up, they might continue it
[807]
at least once to make sure you show up.
[811]
If you don't show up,
[812]
or you don't comply with what the trustee is asking you
[814]
because you have to as they represent the court,
[817]
then they could request that the court dismiss your case
[822]
possibly with a bar on refiling,
[824]
which means depending on what they ask for,
[827]
if you didn't comply then they could dismiss your case
[830]
and say that you can not file again for example six months
[834]
or some period of time.
[836]
And so if you made a mistake
[839]
and forgot to show up and your case gets dismissed
[842]
you may not be able to just refile it right away
[844]
you might have to wait.
[846]
So that's something to be concerned about
[848]
and, but that's about it for the 341 meeting.