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Last 24 Hours of Hitler's Life - YouTube
Channel: The Infographics Show
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It’s late in April 1945. Adolf Hitler
is in the throes of a nervous breakdown.
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It’s the end for him and he knows it. He calls for
one of his secretaries, Gertrud “Traudl” Junge,
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and tells her to take down his last will
and testament. Tearfully, she listens and
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writes down his insane words. His take on
things: all this bloodshed is not my fault.
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The four other witnesses in that room, as
well as Hitler, will be dead within 24 hours.
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We’ll talk in-depth later about
that deranged will and testament,
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which encapsulates just how insane he was.
Hitler had known for a long time before that,
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maybe since 1943, that the war was lost,
but he still clung on to the hope that
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there might be peace negotiations.
Then at the beginning of 1945,
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his enemies encroached farther and farther
towards Berlin. The Soviet Red Army was
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intent on crushing Germany. The Soviet leader,
Joseph Stalin, whom Hitler had the nerve to
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call a barbarian, knew victory was close.
In January alone, 450,000 Germans died,
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and in the three months that followed, 280,000
died. This was more German casualties than from
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1942-1943, which just shows you how stubborn
the Nazis were in not accepting defeat.
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In February, Hitler’s commander in Hungary watched
as his men fell into a state of utter gloom. In
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his report, he wrote, “Amid all these stresses and
strains, no improvement in morale or performance
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is visible. The numerical superiority of the
enemy, combined with the knowledge that the
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battle is now being fought on German soil,
has proved very demoralizing for the men.”
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German people ran from their homes as
the Soviets moved in. One woman wrote,
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“The world is a very lonely place without family,
friends, or even the familiarity of a home.”
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In April, a Russian soldier wrote to his beloved
back home, saying, “At first the fascists fought
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back fiercely, but they could not endure this
hell…Everything is bound to finish soon.”
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On April 16th, Soviet forces had finally invaded
Berlin. Inhabitants heard the gunfire not too far
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off in the distance. Some people ran to the shops
to get what remained of the food. One of them,
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Ruth-Andreas Friedrich, poetically
wrote, “Before us lies the endless city,
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black in the black of night, cowering as if to
creep back into the earth. And we are afraid.”
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The Nazis still relentlessly kept on killing. They
emptied jails and shot those who’d resided there.
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German firing squads killed scores
of people deemed not a supporter of
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the regime. POWs and concentration camp
prisoners were lined up and massacred.
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The order, given by Hitler, was to keep going.
But Berlin was doomed, with now even the Hitler
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Youth fighting toe-to-toe with the enemy. One
woman explained what she saw, saying there were
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“young babyfaces peeping out beneath oversized
steel helmets” and that it was “frightening to
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hear their high-pitched voices.” She said this
went against human nature, and nothing could
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be better accredited to the madness of war.
You might wonder why so many people fought on
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in Germany. The historian Max Hastings wrote
in his book “Inferno” that the Germans were
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well aware of the fact they would be
given no mercy from the Red Army. It
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was a matter of fighting back or being murdered.
The Russians had been on the wrong end of so much
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savagery themselves. They weren’t in the mood
for sparing the enemy, which as they saw it,
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was all of Germany. Still, the atrocities
committed on German civilians can’t be ignored.
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One woman starkly summed it up, saying,
“It can’t be me this is happening to,
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so I’m expelling it all from me.”
It was during these last few days of
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barbarity that Hitler sat in his bunker under the
Reich Chancellery. After hearing of the death of
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US President Roosevelt on April 12, he’d actually
held out some hope that the new president,
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Harry Truman, would sign a peace treaty.
That didn’t happen, of course. Hitler suffered
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a breakdown on April 22 when he heard that his
orders for a counterattack hadn’t been followed
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through. He screamed and cursed the people he said
had betrayed him. It was on this day that Hitler
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finally admitted to himself that all was lost.
This was two days after his birthday,
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which you can understand didn’t involve much
celebration. He did, however, make his last
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public appearance to congratulate some of the
Hitler Youths who were ready to die for him.
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He was in such a state, he had to keep one
of his shaking hands clasped behind his back.
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He then went back into the bunker,
knowing his life would soon be over.
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It was there that he would be
married to his mistress Eva Braun.
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We know that in the last day or two one
of the many things that occupied her mind
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was hiding her precious jewelry. In her last
letter to her friend Herta Ostermayr, she wrote,
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“On no account must Heise’s bills be found…What
should I say to you. I cannot understand how it
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should have all come to this, but it is
impossible anymore to believe in God.”
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Many of Hitler’s inner circle
made their plans to escape Berlin.
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Second in command, Hermann
Goering, was one of them.
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Goering had told Hitler on his birthday that he
had business to take care of and he needed to go
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over to Southern Germany. That much was true.
He was trying to ship his stolen art treasures
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out of Berlin, so like Braun, he was worried about
losing things of monetary value. Not long after it
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would get back to Hitler that Goering had spoken
to the enemy. This infuriated Hitler, and it would
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make Goering a prominent feature in his will.
Martin Bormann, Hitler’s private secretary and
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the Nazi Party Chancellery, was one of the
inner circle to stay behind in the bunker.
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He’d later flee after seeing the end of his
leader, but he’d be dead soon enough, too.
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Then there was the propaganda
minister, Joseph Goebbels,
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who was also there those last few days.
He would be made Chancellor of Germany,
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but in the end, he, his wife and six
kids would all be lost in that bunker.
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As Berliners were suffering unimaginable
torments that late April, Goebbels made one final
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announcement. He said, “I call on you to fight
for your city. Fight with everything you have got,
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for the sake of your wives and your children,
your mothers and your parents. Your arms are
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defending everything we have ever held dear, and
all the generations that will come after us. Be
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proud and courageous! Be inventive and cunning!”
How both he and Hitler could still ask people
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to fight in the face of certain loss was
testament to their egoism and insanity.
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Then on April 27, Hitler got word that another of
his closest had betrayed him. He heard through a
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BBC report that Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler
had tried to negotiate a surrender with the enemy.
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Hitler raged like he’d never raged before.
To him, that meant one thing: treason.
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Hitler ordered the arrest of Himmler,
after which Himmler went into hiding.
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He too, didn’t survive many more days. It
was true, though, what Hitler had heard.
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Himmler had attempted to negotiate peace.
Hitler’s world was falling apart, but he still
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decided there was still time to get married.
At the stroke of midnight on April 28,
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Hitler and Eva Braun tied the knot. Both Goebbels
and Bormann were there at the ceremony, but as
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you can imagine, with the Red Army just around
the corner, it wasn’t the merriest of affairs.
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If there was any kind of event, it only
involved having a wedding breakfast with booze,
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lots of booze. At some point, Braun signed off
on the marriage certificate. She wrote Eva B,
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only to cross out the B and then write
Hitler. She was now proudly Eva Hitler,
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but she wouldn’t get much
time to enjoy her marriage.
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Hitler’s barber, August Wollenhaupt, would
usually trim his mustache at around 11 am.
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This was also usually the time that his valet
Heinz Linge would visit him each morning.
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Linge would act as a kind of referee, saying
the German for, “On your marks” while holding
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a stopwatch. After that, Hitler would get
ready as quickly as possible as if playing
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a child’s game. Then Linge would pass Hitler
his spectacles and the morning newspapers.
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On one of the days close to his death,
Hitler wasn’t exactly in a great mood.
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He looked at Linge seriously and said, “You must
never allow my corpse to fall into the hands of
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the Russians. They would make a spectacle in
Moscow out of my body and put it in waxworks.”
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Linge also gave Hitler some cocaine drops
for his painful right eye. He also handed him
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some pills for a flatulence problem. Hitler
had many health problems close to the end,
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for which he took something like 28 different
medications. In fact, he was starting to look like
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a man on the verge of dying from natural causes.
A Hitler Youth who later escaped the bunker,
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described what the Fuhrer looked like
during those final days. He said:
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“He was like a ghost - he didn't seem to
see me or anyone. He just stared ahead,
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lost in thought. At that moment, the bunker was
shaken by a strong tremor as a bomb hit. Dirt and
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mortar trickled down on us, but he made no attempt
to brush it off. He looked so much more unhealthy
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than 10 days earlier at his birthday reception
when I had first met him. It looked like he was
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suffering from jaundice. His face was sallow.”
It was around this time that Hitler heard the
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news about the death of the Italian
fascist leader Benito Mussolini.
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He’d been summarily executed, which could
only mean one thing to Hitler. He too,
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he knew, would very likely suffer a similar
fate. Even worse, he heard that Mussolini,
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along with his dead mistress, had been dumped
like dead cattle in Milan’s Piazzale Loreto.
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There, crowds spat at the bodies
before hanging them up by meat hooks.
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Hitler then heard that the Dachau Concentration
Camp had fallen into the hands of the Americans.
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He very likely heard what had happened there.
The US soldiers had been so appalled at what
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they saw, that they gave no quarter
to the German soldiers they captured.
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Lieutenant Colonel Felix L. Sparks later
said the smell of death was “overpowering.”
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What those soldiers witnessed was
human cruelty on another level.
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It may never be known what happened on that
day. Some reports say US soldiers massacred
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520 Germans, but other reports say the number was
as low as 50. After an investigation, it was ruled
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that while international law had been breached,
“in the light of the conditions which greeted
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the eyes of the first combat troops, it is not
believed that justice or equity demand that the
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difficult and perhaps impossible task of fixing
individual responsibility now be undertaken.”
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Hitler, on hearing the news in his bunker,
likely thought about this violent retribution
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while the image of the dead Mussolini and
his mistress was still in his mind. Also,
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in the distance, he knew the Soviet
army was laying waste to his city.
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It was around this time that Hitler
called on that secretary, Traudl Junge.
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She would die an old woman in 2002, and always
said she wasn’t aware of the depth of Nazi
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atrocities. She also admitted she loved
her dear leader, something in later life
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that gave her cause to feel guilty.
She once said, “I admit,
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I was fascinated by Adolf Hitler. He was
a pleasant boss and a fatherly friend.
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I deliberately ignored all the warning voices
inside me and enjoyed the time by his side, almost
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until the bitter end. It wasn't what he said, but
the way he said things and how he did things.”
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She said Hitler had made it clear to
everyone in that bunker that the one
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thing that he could not allow was his body to
fall into the hands of the encroaching Soviets.
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As for the writing of his will, Junge had
woken up from her usual nap around 11 pm.
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After that, she went to see Hitler as she
would usually drink tea with him at that time.
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Hitler’s vegetarian cook, Fraulein Constanze
Manzialy, also attended the tea drinking sessions.
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But that night when she knocked on his door,
something was different. Hitler said to her,
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“Have you had a nice little rest, child?”
She replied, “Yes, I have slept a little.”
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Hitler said, “Come along, I
want to dictate something.”
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One thing he told her was that his body
was to be cremated. He said he wanted
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his art collection to go to a gallery in the
town of Linz, which he called his hometown.
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As for the little things, of perhaps mere
sentimental value, or what he called items
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“for the maintenance of a modest simple life”,
they should go to relatives and his “faithful
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workers.” Anything else of value he said should
go to the National Socialist German Workers Party.
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Here’s a snippet from his
testament, word for word:
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“Since I did not think I should take the
responsibility of entering into marriage during
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the years of combat, I have decided now before
termination of life on this Earth, to marry the
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woman who, after many years of true friendship,
entered voluntarily into this already almost
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besieged city, to share my fate. She goes to death
with me as my wife, according to her own desire.”
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He then went for a bit, talking about how he’d
given his life to the service of his country,
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saying he had not intended to go to war in
1939. He said of the reason for the war,
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“It was desired and provoked entirely by those
international statesmen who were either of
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Jewish origin or worked in the Jewish interest.”
He had the gall to add, “The responsibility of
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the outbreak of this war cannot rest on me.”
He even said history won’t blame him for the
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bloodbath of the war but will blame “international
Jewry and its assistants.” The British, he said,
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were offered a solution to what he called
the Polish-German problem, but “responsible
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circles in English politics wanted war.”
He then called out Himmler and Goering
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as traitors and wrote down a list of names who
should fulfill certain positions. His final words:
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“Above all, I obligate the leadership of
the nation and its followers to the most
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minute observation of the racial laws and to
pitiless resistance against the universal poisoner
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of all people, international Judaism.
Given at Berlin, 29 April, 1945, 4 am.
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Adolf Hitler”
There were four witness names:
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Goebbels, Bormann, Burgdorf and Krebs.
All four would soon be dead.
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Sometime later, while Hitler's SS bodyguards were
destroying all the documents around the bunker,
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doctors followed orders and poisoned
his much loved Alsatian dog,
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Blondi. Braun's spaniel was also forced
into the afterlife. It was around this time,
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someone heard Braun say, “I would rather
die here. I do not want to escape.”
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A lot of silent hand-shaking took place as Hitler
looked for the last time in the eyes of the people
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that had supported him. It seems that Braun’s
last words were to the secretary, Junge,
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who accepted the gift of a coat. With it,
she heard the words, “Take my fur coat as
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a memory. I always like well-dressed women.”
It was Goebbels that announced the death of
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Hitler, stating in a message that the time
of death was 3:30 p.m., April 30. Hitler and
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Braun were subsequently cremated in the garden
of the Reich Chancellery as Soviet artillery
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could be heard close by. Goebbels and Bormann
soaked the bodies in petrol and lit them,
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after which they gave the Nazi salute.
The fighting didn’t just stop after that.
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As an observer of this extra bloodshed, a
British Lieutenant named David Fraser, remarked,
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“There is still too much vile cruelty
in the world for us to be able to say
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with true satisfaction, ‘Good is victorious.”
Let’s hope nothing like it ever happens again.
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Now you need to watch “What Actually Happened
to Nazi Leaders After World War 2?” Or,
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see what happened in those camps with “The
Sea Water Torture - Nazi Camp Experiments.”
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