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English Sounds - T [t] and D [d] Consonants - How to make the T and D Consonants - YouTube
Channel: Rachel's English
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in this american english pronunciation
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video we're going to study how to make
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the t and d
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consonant sounds
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these two sounds are paired together
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because they take the same mouth
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position
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is unvoiced
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meaning only air passes through the
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mouth and
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d is voiced meaning
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[Music]
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you make a sound with the vocal chords
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these consonants are complicated because
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the way americans pronounce them isn't
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always what you'll find in a dictionary
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first let's talk about the true
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pronunciation
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these are stop consonants which means
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there are two parts
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first a stop in the airflow and second a
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release
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we stop here by closing the vocal cords
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and lift the tongue so the flat top part
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is at the roof of the mouth
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it's far forward almost touching the
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back of the top front teeth
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the teeth come together and we release
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all three parts at once the tongue comes
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down from the roof of the mouth
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the teeth part
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and we release the air in the throat
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just like with other stop consonants we
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want to release them into the next sound
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let's look at the true t and d
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consonants up close and in slow motion
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the teeth come together and the top
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front of the tongue is at the roof of
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the mouth
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the air stops in the throat then the
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teeth part and the tongue pulls down to
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release
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the word desk
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the teeth close and the tongue is at the
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roof of the mouth
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then everything releases right into the
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air as in bed vowel
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the word stick
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the teeth close and the tongue is at the
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roof of the mouth then everything
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releases right into the it as in sit
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vowel
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the word expect the teeth nearly close
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and the tongue is at the roof of the
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mouth
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then the teeth release just a bit
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there's no next sound to release into
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so the movement is minimal for the
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release the tongue releases down
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it's possible to make the true d
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without the teeth coming together said
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because of the voice in this sound we
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can still release it
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but to make the true tea
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the teeth do have to come together or
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nearly together
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set
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that was the true t
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and true d
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if the t or d are at the end of a
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sentence
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or if the next word begins with a
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consonant
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then we make a stop t or stop d
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we stop the air
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but we don't release it
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you lift your tongue into position
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stop the air
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and that's it
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for example the word mad
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mad
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notice the last sound is
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the beginning of the d
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with the vocal cords engaged because
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it's a voiced consonant and that's all
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i don't release
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a release would sound like this
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mad
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but instead i say mad
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my tongue tip up
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now let's look at an example with a t
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followed by another consonant
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the phrase
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not for me
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here the t is followed by f
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i stop the air
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not
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and then without releasing go into the f
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sound
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not for
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not for me
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with stop consonants we do stop the air
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in the throat
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so i don't have to move my tongue up
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into position for the t to stop the
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sound
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in this phrase
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not for me
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i touch the roof of my mouth with a part
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of the tongue that's further back
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not
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my tongue tip can stay down
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this helps me make the stop even shorter
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so i can quickly go into the next sound
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not for
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not fur
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i'll bring my tongue up for the stop t
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if the next sound also requires the
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tongue being at the roof of the mouth
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when i say
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not for me
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instead of
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not for me
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the words are more connected and the
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sentence is smoother
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that's what we want in american english
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and that's why we use the stop t instead
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of the true t in these cases
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not for me
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not for me
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not for me
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let's look at a stop up close and in
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slow motion
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here's the word what
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i don't release the t at the end
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the tongue goes to the roof of the mouth
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but then i just stop the air
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my teeth aren't together and i don't
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release
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the lips simply close
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what
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here's what it looks like with a true
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tea
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the teeth come together then a subtle
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release
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compare the ending the top is what with
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a stop t and the bottom is what with a
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true t
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for the stop t the teeth don't come
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together because they don't need to
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release
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the air simply stops with the tongue in
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position
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for the true tea we bring the teeth
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together so the tongue teeth and air
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release
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the stop t and d relate to the true t
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and d
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we simply skip the release
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but when the t or d come between two
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vowels or diphthongs
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or after an r and before a vowel or
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diphthong we make a different sound
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one exception
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if the t or d starts a stressed syllable
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then it's a true t or d
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but in other cases
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when the t or d consonants come between
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two vowels or diphthongs
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or after an r and before a vowel or
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diphthong
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we make a flap sound
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this is different from the true and stop
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tnd
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because we don't stop the sound we don't
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hold anything
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we simply let the front part of the
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tongue bounce against the roof of the
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mouth without stopping the flow of air
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the flap t and flap d sound the same
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the t in matter
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is the same as the d in
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matter
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matter
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matter
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this sounds just like the r in many
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languages
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but in american english it's the flap t
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or flap d
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in my videos i use the d symbol for this
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sound
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this sound however isn't a stop
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consonant anymore
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let's look at some words with a flap up
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close and in slow motion the word city
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here the t comes between two vowel
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sounds so it's a flap
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the tongue is in position for the i
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vowel
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watch how it flaps against the roof of
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the mouth quickly
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the air doesn't stop
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that flap was fast even in slow motion
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let's watch again
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the whole word one more time
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the word party here the tea comes after
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an r and before a vowel so it's a flap
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the tongue is back and up for the r
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watch it flap
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and come down from the flap
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the air didn't stop
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watch the whole word one more time
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the word tidy here the d comes after a
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diphthong and before a vowel so it's a
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flap d
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watch the tongue flap
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the whole word one more time
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to isolate the sound try holding out the
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sound before and after
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parr
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then you can really feel the tongue flap
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bouncing against the roof of the mouth
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remember this isn't represented in
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dictionaries
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they will show the symbol for the true t
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party
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even though americans pronounce it party
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so remember the rule
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when a t or d comes between vowels and
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diphthongs
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or after an r before a vowel or
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diphthong like party
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unless it starts a stressed syllable
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flap the tongue
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sometimes we drop the t or d completely
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we leave the sounds out
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this is an american habit
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if you look up the words in the
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dictionary the sounds are there
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there are two cases when you might hear
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an american drop a t or d
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first when the t or d comes between two
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consonant sounds
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for example
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exactly
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this word has the k
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t
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l
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consonants together
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but most people pronounce it without the
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t
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exactly
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full pronunciation
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exactly
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common pronunciation
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exactly dropping the t between two
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consonants
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simplifies the pronunciation
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also we often drop the t when it comes
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after an n
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many americans say
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center
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instead of
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center
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or
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interview
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instead of
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interview
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this is a big topic
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i have a whole series of videos on the
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pronunciation of t and d
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which you can find on my website
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the true t
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and d sounds
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desk
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stick
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expect
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stop t and d
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mad
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not
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what
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the flap t and d
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city
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party
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tidy
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example words
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repeat with me
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best
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best
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time
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time
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do
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do
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odd
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do
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there's no way to make a stop t sound on
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its own because it isn't a sound it's a
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lack of sound
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cut
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cut
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better
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better
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