NATIONAL INCOME| Production Boundary| Intermediate Goods and Final Goods| Macroeconomics Class 12 - YouTube

Channel: Study With Versha

[0]
so now we'll be looking at production
[2]
boundary so
[3]
what do you mean by production boundary
[5]
the production boundary is a line around
[7]
the production sector
[9]
so so i hope the definition is clear
[12]
the projection boundary is a line which
[14]
is around the production
[16]
sector so here you can see a b and c
[19]
are production units and these units
[21]
make a sector production sector
[23]
so you can see a is a unit b is a unit
[26]
and c is a unit
[27]
so a b and c together make a production
[30]
sector okay where the production takes
[33]
place
[34]
okay as a whole this as a sum a b
[37]
and c as a sum is known as prediction
[39]
sector okay
[40]
so within the box the intermediate goods
[43]
cotton and thread revolves
[44]
so here you can see farmer a produces
[48]
cotton worth of rupees 2000 and sells it
[52]
to b
[52]
okay and b produces thread worth of 3000
[56]
and sells it to c
[58]
and c finally produces cloth worth of
[61]
rupees
[62]
4500 and sells it to consumers
[65]
okay the cotton you know the farmers are
[67]
producing cotton
[69]
the cat the cotton can be used for
[71]
making clothes that we are wearing
[73]
we usually wear cotton clothes only so
[76]
the
[76]
farmer is taking the cotton and giving
[79]
it to
[80]
uh b for making yarn or for making
[83]
thread
[83]
the thread will be only used for making
[85]
clothes finally okay
[87]
as you can see farmer a and b they
[90]
remain in the production boundary
[91]
because they
[92]
their work is not to make clothes but
[95]
just to provide the materials which will
[97]
help in
[98]
producing the clothes a is providing the
[101]
cotton and b is providing the thread but
[104]
c is only making the final product which
[107]
is the
[108]
t-shirt which is the cloth the final
[110]
cloth which we will
[111]
wear okay so that is why a and b will
[114]
remain in the production boundary
[116]
whereas c
[118]
from the production boundary it goes to
[120]
the consumers it
[122]
transports to the consumer as it is
[124]
final
[125]
good okay it is ready for usage okay
[128]
and the final go good goes outside the
[131]
production sector in the hands of
[132]
consumer okay so i hope it is clear
[136]
intermediate goods and final goods so
[138]
let us look at the basis and then
[140]
differentiate between intramural goods
[142]
and final goods
[143]
so first is the meaning the goods which
[146]
are
[146]
used for further production or resell
[149]
during the year
[150]
so intermediate goods are type of foods
[153]
which is used for further production
[155]
uh now if you have something in the
[157]
previous case let us see
[158]
so in previous case you had a cotton and
[162]
then it was thread it was the cotton was
[164]
sent to b for making a thread and the
[167]
thread was finally used for making the
[169]
final boot which is
[170]
cloth okay such is an example of
[173]
intermediate good
[174]
cotton and thread are examples of
[176]
intermediate goods
[177]
because it was used for further
[179]
production of final routes okay
[181]
so i hope this is clear and final goods
[184]
are the goods
[184]
which are ready for conception of a
[187]
investment okay
[188]
so here in the previous example you saw
[192]
cloth
[193]
the cloth was the final goods which we
[196]
which were which was ready for
[197]
conception
[198]
because the clothes is the thing which
[200]
we wear so it is a final good okay
[202]
it is ready for conception so investment
[205]
also suppose you are buying some assets
[208]
like uh table shell building
[211]
it is a asset it is an investment so
[214]
those are all the final goods now you
[216]
can't add any value for ready-made
[219]
or table or chair right it is a final
[222]
good okay
[222]
so i hope this is clear next is
[225]
calculation
[226]
intermediate goods are not included in
[229]
uh national income or domestic income
[232]
why is it not included in national
[235]
domestic income
[236]
let us see so in this example you saw
[240]
so let me explain in this way
[243]
so here intermediate goods were cotton
[246]
and thread
[247]
right so rupees 2 000 worth of cotton
[251]
was
[252]
bought and b added some value to the
[255]
cotton and made it into thread so again
[258]
the thread went to the c
[260]
and c finally made it into the cloth so
[262]
already the cotton is included in cloth
[265]
i mean the final good
[266]
already the thread is included in the
[268]
cloth so why to add it again
[271]
because the final good already includes
[273]
of that
[274]
already it includes the value of cotton
[277]
already it includes the value of thread
[279]
so why to add it again that is because
[283]
the final good already has it okay so
[285]
that is why you are not
[287]
adding the intermediate goods in the
[290]
national income
[291]
or domestic income it lays within the
[294]
production boundary only it is not
[296]
included in
[297]
national income or domestic income okay
[300]
but final goods it is included in
[302]
national income or domestic income okay
[305]
because the good is ready for conception
[307]
and it revolves around the
[309]
economy that is why it is included in
[311]
national income
[312]
okay so i hope this is clear and
[315]
production boundary
[316]
it lies the intermediate goods lies
[319]
within the
[320]
production boundary it revolves around
[322]
the production boundary only it doesn't
[324]
go
[324]
outside the production boundary okay but
[327]
the final goods
[328]
it lies both within or outside the
[331]
production boundary okay
[334]
as you can see here the thread is made
[336]
into a cloth
[337]
within this boundary and then it is
[340]
exported
[341]
or it is transported to the consumers
[344]
for usage
[346]
okay so that is why it lies both within
[349]
and
[349]
outside the production boundary and
[351]
value addition
[352]
value is added as it is not ready for
[355]
conception
[356]
in the previous case the cotton was
[358]
added some value to make into thread
[360]
and thread was also added some value to
[363]
make into
[364]
final boot which is cloth okay so it as
[367]
it was not ready for conception
[368]
the values added to make it into final
[371]
good
[372]
but the final goods the value is not
[375]
added
[375]
because the final good is like cloth you
[377]
can't add value to it you can't
[379]
like alter it again and make it into
[381]
something this already a final good
[384]
so i hope the value edition was clear
[386]
next is example
[388]
what is an example of intermediate good
[390]
and final good
[391]
so this is very interesting example many
[394]
people like
[395]
many students get like confused okay so
[398]
that is why i picked
[400]
this particular example okay for
[403]
uh intermediate good and final okay so
[405]
in exam it may be us
[407]
milk now tell me if milk is a
[410]
intermediate good or a final good so
[412]
what will you answer
[414]
so your answer should be milk can be
[416]
both intermediate good and final good
[418]
okay
[419]
so why i will say through this example
[422]
okay you can write this in your exam
[424]
you can put example and then write this
[426]
okay
[427]
for intermediate goods milk can be used
[429]
for making
[430]
butter like milk has many uses it can be
[434]
made into various
[435]
dairy products like cheese butter ghee
[439]
yogurt curd and everything okay so when
[442]
you're making
[444]
when you're using milk for making other
[446]
products
[447]
okay then milk is an intermediate good
[450]
okay but when milk is used for
[453]
conception you also drink milk
[455]
directly right it is ready for
[457]
conception also
[458]
like when you wake up in the morning
[460]
your mom gives you milk to drink
[462]
so that is an example of final good
[464]
because it is directly
[466]
taken it is directly consumed so in that
[469]
case
[469]
milk becomes a final good okay you
[471]
because you're not
[472]
adding any value there but for here when
[475]
you're making a butter
[477]
the value the process is you milk goes
[480]
through some process
[481]
then it becomes an intermediate goal but
[483]
else wise if it is just
[485]
for conception then it is a final good
[488]
so i hope this concepts were clear so
[490]
that's it for today
[492]
so thank you