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Coronavirus Epidemic Update 25: Vaccine Developments, Italy's Response, and Mortality Rate Trends - YouTube
Channel: MedCram - Medical Lectures Explained CLEARLY
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welcome to another MedCram lecture on
the SARS cough to virus causing the
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kovat 19 disease this update is for the
25th of February 2020 and we're gonna
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talk about Italy and China and then
vaccines this is gonna be kind of
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interesting when we get into that and
again here are the numbers that they are
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reporting so I'm simply reporting what
they are reporting and we've hit 80
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thousand proper total deaths at almost
2700 total recovered 27,000 and so we're
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up to a differential there of 10 times I
remember when that was almost on par in
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fact when it was even less than the
number of total deaths so whereas total
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deaths have leveled off we still have an
increasing amount of total recovery
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which is always a good thing let's look
at the nucleus wealth site which I've
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found to have some interesting graphs
that are unique to it I'm gonna scroll
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all the way down here to the bottom
where they talk about the mortality rate
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or the case fatality rate and as we've
talked about there is a bit of a delay
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in measuring what the total cases are
right now compared to what the total
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deaths are right now there's been a
question about whether or not you should
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delay the mortality accounts and look
back four days eight days or 12 days
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depending on how long it takes somebody
an average to die from the onset and in
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looking at those it's interesting that
if you look at all of the cases outside
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of Wuhan in the rest of China you can
see here that if you look at a full 12
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days out that the mortality rate or case
fatality rate reaches around the same
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asymptote as if you look at eight days
versus if you look at four days and
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that's just under 1% if you look at who
Bay province which is where who Han is
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and you do the same sort of analysis it
all settles out again but not at just
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below 1% but just below 5% this kind of
makes sense if you think about the fact
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that inside who Bay where most of the
cases were their health care industry is
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going to be more overwhelmed and
therefore perhaps have a higher case
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fatality rate so you can take a look at
this site we'll put the link
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to it in the description below we go
over to the world ometer as we have done
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in the past you can see similar numbers
here where I like to look as the active
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cases and the close cases of the closed
cases that we have 91% of recovered and
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been discharged and 9% deaths if we look
further on down we come to the latest
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updates for February 25th we can see
here that there's one new death in South
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Korea another death on the diamond
princess two new cases in Italy and 60
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new cases in South Korea possibly some
good news here in South Korea is that
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the 60 new cases that were seen today in
South Korea is a sharp decline in new
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cases compared to 161 and so this may be
that there might be a cluster in fact
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that's what they're saying that there's
two clusters and that has to do with
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this church where they had met and this
may be the reason for the spreading and
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this accounts for over 50% of the cases
within South Korea let's go over to
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another site this is my Reuters title
battle against coronavirus turns to
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Italy Wall Street falls on pandemic
fares over a thousand point loss on the
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Dow Jones on the 24th a couple of
interesting things here at kind of
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contrast what they did in China and
what's going on in Italy of course in
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China things seem to be not rising as
fast and in Italy things seem to be
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climbing pretty rapidly and so they
talked here about China putting cities
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in lockdown Italian authorities are also
doing similar things sealing off the
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worst-affected towns closing schools
halting the carnival in Venice what they
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say here interestingly this is from
Reuters China's actions especially in
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Wuhan the epicenter of the outbreak
probably prevented hundreds of thousands
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of cases said the head of the w-h-o
delegation in China Bruce Aylward the
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rest of the world to learn from the
lesson of acting fast they're at a point
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now where the number of cure people
coming out of the hospitals each day is
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more than the sick going in he said the
surge of cases outside of mainland China
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triggered sharp falls in global markets
specifically in Italy as investors fled
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to safe havens and they talks about the
European equities markets
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he goes on to talk about the epidemic in
China peaking between January 23rd and
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February 2nd and they say has been
declining since dr. Mike Ryan the head
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of the w-h-o emergencies program told
reporters it is still possible to
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contain the virus and that it might
appear each year like the flu quote the
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virus may settle down into an endemic
pattern of transmission into a seasonal
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pattern of transmission or it could
accelerate into a full-blown global
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pandemic he said in Geneva on Monday and
at this point it's not possible to say
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which of these realities is going to
happen goes on to talk about how the
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Trump administration is requesting a
billion dollars to deal with the corona
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virus now specifically what it is that's
going on in China we've got China's
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National Health Commission said that
while the rapid rise had been halted the
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situation was still grim he said over
3,000 medical staff have become infected
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most in hebei province surrounding Wuhan
probably due to the lack of protective
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gear and fatigue and we talked about the
fact that they a case fatality rate in
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Wuhan was higher than it is in the rest
of China we also talked previously about
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the fact that there was no protective
gear but we also talked about the need
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for sleep and the ability to sleep and
get rest and of course if there are a
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number of professional colleagues of
yours who are infected in quarantine
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that's going to increase the load on you
that's gonna make you more fatigued and
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hence we see videos of health care
providers in China collapsing and we
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hear a number of these physicians are
actually Sur coming to the virus so at
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this point excluding obaid mainland
China reported 11 new cases that's the
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lowest since they started actually
taking figures On January 20th overall
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China reported 409 new cases on the
mainland down from 648 a day earlier
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there was a measure of relief it says
for the world's second largest economy
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has more than 20 province level
jurisdictions including Beijing and
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Shanghai here we go
reported zero new infections whereas
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what's going on outside of China while
things are taking off
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we've got 29 countries and territories
with a death toll of about two dozen
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according to the Reuters tally South
Korea 231 new cases making its total to
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833 we see a couple of new countries
that have come to the table here Kuwait
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Bahrain Oman and Afghanistan they are
believed to be cases that have been to
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Iran in the past so a lot of things
going on it's almost like a Tale of Two
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Cities it seems as though China has had
a huge hit but things may be on the
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verge of something different potentially
we'll have to see and then we have Italy
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and South Korea which are taking off
want to talk briefly about another
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interesting article this is in the Wall
Street Journal we'll put a copy of this
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link as well on the description below
this fascinating article which you will
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probably need to have a log in to read
it talks about this drugmaker moderna
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incorporated which has shipped its first
batch of its rapidly developed
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coronavirus vaccine to US government
researchers who will launch the first
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human tests of whether the experiment
could help suppress the epidemic
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originating in China now why is this
experimental well I encourage you to
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actually watch the video that is on this
site and you'll see what I'm talking
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about but very briefly let me explain to
you what it is that's going on there
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okay so normally what happens is a virus
here's the virus goes in and infects a
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cell and what happens is these proteins
go on the surface of the cell when this
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virus infects the cell these proteins
here are very important because it tells
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the body that this is an infected cell
or that this for instance is a virus and
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what they normally do is they will
normally take the virus and they will
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inactivate it or kill it and they will
inject it in and what will happen here
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is that these proteins will induce an
antibody response in the body that
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allows the body to have many of these
antibodies already
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ready to fight so this is the normal
situation up here and the problem is it
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takes many months to create this type of
model where you can inject these
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proteins into the body so that you can
have these antibodies form against these
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proteins what they're planning on doing
from what I'm getting from this article
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is something completely different in
terms of a vaccine what they're really
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doing here is they're having a cell and
because they have the genome of this
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virus they're able to inject in this
case the RNA somehow into the body and
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this RNA will then go into the cells
which will tell the cells to produce the
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antigens which will then cause the
antibodies to form against it so in
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other words instead of having the virus
or the lab produce these antigens to
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inject into the human so that the human
can make antibodies what they're instead
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of doing is isolating the genomic
sequences themselves having them tell
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your own cells to produce these antigens
and then these antigens are going to
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cause antibodies to be formed and that
is how they can do this much faster
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because they don't have to go through
all the sequences of having this be done
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in other words making this they can have
your cells make the vaccine for you and
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then have you self immunized against the
virus and it seems as though this really
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hasn't been done before and so according
to that Wall Street Journal article it
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looks as though they're going to be
starting clinical trials in April and so
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that would be three months from the time
that they learned about the genome to
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the point where they can actually get a
vaccine for human clinical trials now
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this is a new technology and for some
people this may sound really cool for
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others it may be well what are the side
effects of this what's going to happen
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when you're starting to put DNA or RNA
and
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structions messenger RNA in most cases
in this case into your cells and tell
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them to make proteins that are foreign
to your body to cause an immune response
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it almost sounds like an autoimmune
condition so it's gonna be interesting
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to see what happens and what are the
side effects of this to get a better
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understanding of this you're going to
need to know about molecular biology and
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as it just so happens we have a video
that's a primer on molecular biology
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because what we're about to do is get
into the details of the corona virus
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life cycle and what it actually does in
the cell and how it's different from
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other viruses thanks for joining us
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