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La curva de Arthur Laffer | Impuestos y Recaudaci贸n | Modelo econ贸mico - YouTube
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Ingl茅s
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hello in this video we will talk about
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collection level taxes and the
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tax rate the relationship that exists
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logically among them it is believed that for
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for a country to obtain more income
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tax should increase the rate of
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taxes at higher tax rate
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higher collection however not always
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it's like this
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arthur laffer in his model explains it
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so we started
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[Music]
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the laffer curve is a representation
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economic showing the relationship between
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a tax and the level of collection
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obtained this concept is born from the hand
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from the economist arthur laffer that in 1980
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suggested a lowering of taxes on
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then presidential candidate ronald
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reagan with the argument that this
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action would release the initiative
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individual population
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so
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so much
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the laffer curve starts from the fact
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that when the tax rate or rate
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tax equals zero that is t is
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equal to zero percent the collection
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public or tax revenue as well
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equals zero then zero tax
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zero income for the state true
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now when the tax rate or rate
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tax is equal to 100% that is
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which is equal to 100%
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it seems that tax revenue also
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it should be 100% which is not
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true in this case if the rate
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tax is 100% income
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prosecutors would be 0 because that is
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good because if taxes absorb
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all resources will not occur
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no income for example if a person
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who earns $ 500 a month
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had to pay 100 taxes
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percent on that income that is to say
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500 dollars nobody would like to work or
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generate income
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if everything would be for the state
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when taxes are excessively
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high individuals are less
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earnings on your investments and jobs
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deciding to reduce his concern for
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these activities prioritizing leisure and
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trying to avoid paying such a high level
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tax either working less or
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through fraud or evasion is in
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these cases an increase of the type
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tax would mean at some point
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a reduction in collection in the
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opposite case a reduction in rates
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income tax incentives
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people to increase their dedication to
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work and climb in terms of salary
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in a nutshell a lower rate of
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taxes can generate higher income
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prosecutors on the descending side of the
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curve because it will encourage
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activity including foreign companies
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may consider settling inside the
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country that otherwise this collection
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would not also occur to increase
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consumption
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due to increased rent and that
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will reduce part of the underground economy
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and fraud
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[Applause]
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[Music]
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the fehr establishes through a theorem
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mathematician that between those two points
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ends one cup of 0% and one cup of the
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100% that generates income in both
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prosecutors there is a point of maximum
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collection which is what is due
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look for
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let's look at the curve the model is
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represented by a u-shaped curve
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inverted where we see that it represents you
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the tax rate or the rate of
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taxes that is on the x axis or the axis
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horizontal and we also see that the i axis
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or the vertical axis is represented on
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level of government tax revenue
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we see that as it increases
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the tax rate is also
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increases the level of tax revenue
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that is there is a relationship directly
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proportional however you get to a
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turning point where if you continue
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increasing the tax rate
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tax revenues begin to decrease
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that is, the relationship changes to
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inversely proportional
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the key is to know or identify that
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turning point which is not easy
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in fact it is very complicated there is a curve
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of laffer for each type of tax and
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for each individual without counting that the
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sociological conditions
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from one country to a different one
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productivity system efficiency
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tax compulsion social resistance to
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confiscation et cetera if a government
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find that point they will know whether to go up or
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lower taxes to get older
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levels of tax collection your
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story on September 14, 1974
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four people giving dinner they
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sit at the table of an exclusive
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washington restaurant an academic
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a journalist and two politicians
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politicians are a future vice president
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USA Dick Cheney and a Future
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defense secretary donald rumsfeld
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back then they are the chief of staff
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of the forum president and his second the
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accompany
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jude juanes key the wall street journal
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and arthur laffer a young professor of
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chicago university economics
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with a revolutionary theory the young man
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chicago school economist
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tried to convince both politicians
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unusual it was possible to increase the
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tax collection by lowering taxes
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to help explain the fehr
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drawing on a napkin a curve in
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bell shape representing the
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relationship between the tax rate and the
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collection supposedly there was a
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optimal guy who maximized income
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above or below the optimum point
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because it was reduced is not a napkin
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anyone is white cloth and is
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currently exhibited in the museum
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national American history in
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washington the republicans took for
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valid this theory and six years later
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when reagan became president of
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the usa implemented it according to its own
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the fehr the tax cut was a
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resounding success growth soared
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inflation moderated trade in the
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rest of the world went to even more
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recently president trump has
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decorated to faith
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79 years old with the presidential medal
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of freedom
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[Music]
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and the argument of the fehr is that true
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tax cut were paying themselves
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themselves is to say that the effect of the
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drop in rates was offset
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by the increase in economic activity
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less percentages were paid or the
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one's wealth but as that wealth was
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greater since everyone won the application
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of the theory there are several cases that
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can be taken as an example for the
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application of this phenomenon application
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in the us in 1981 one year after
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ronald reagan will win the election he
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passed the recovery law in the us
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economic which based on the curve
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de laffer included a 23% drop in
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income tax in just
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two years and a reduction also of
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corporation tax that occurred
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then the tax collection not only
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nos inc
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but it was reduced and the public deficit
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increased significantly from 2% in
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1980 to 6% in 1983 this fact
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means that the curve did not exist but
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that the American economy is not
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situated on the right leg of the curve
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de laffer the decreasing as his own
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the fehr had suggested but it
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found in the growing stretch
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application in other countries in Spain by
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example with the rise of the cultural vat
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could be seen as the collection
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suffered a sharp drop over the years
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later in the case of ireland
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increased its tax collection when
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corporation tax decreased-
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other countries like sweden where
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taxes are much higher
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there is evidence that it has occurred
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the phenomenon of the laffer curve
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the great tax reform of the president of
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donald trump in 2017 which governs
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since 2018 after starting its
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mandate implemented a substantial downgrade
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of corporation tax since 35
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percent to 21 percent as well as a
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reduction of the irpf that remained in the
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following sections of 12% of 25% of
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35% and 39% this reduction
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in taxes resulted in
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companies invest more of
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its profits and the
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unemployment in addition the collection rose a
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12% and the economy started growing at
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a rate of 23 percent above
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from the average 19 percent
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recorded in the government years of
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barack obama the fehr has expressed its
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enthusiasm for tax reform
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proposed by trump in an interview
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with the new york times he said he
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I would recommend the president
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American closing the holes
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prosecutors
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tax exemptions to it
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time that reduces tax rates
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added that even without doing that
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only by trimming the
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business tax would generate a
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big stream of tax revenue because
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companies would no longer search for formulas
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to avoid paying and would report higher
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profit we would create jobs
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without tariffs and without protectionism I am a
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firm believer to use honey instead of
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vinegar and the incentives are a lot
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top
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I think there would be a stream of
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business coming back soon and would stop
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the departure of companies to other countries
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for tax reasons the fehr said if that
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the national museum of history occurs
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American will have one more reason to
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keep that mythical napkin
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opinions on the theory from its
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appearance in the hotel restaurant
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washington the laffer curve has been
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source of socialist controversy
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Keynesians and other worshipers of spending
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public have said of her that it was the
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biggest lie ever written in a
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napkin supposedly the curve of
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laffer was false and only served the
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interests of the richest desirous of
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reduce the progressivity of the tax
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however liberals and conservatives the
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have used as an argument for
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reduce the huge tax burden that
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support the upper and middle classes the
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who asks for a tax cut
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appealing the laffer curve tells the
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political greed breaks the sack get off
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you taxes and will collect more
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while the politician for his part
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I could answer you are wrong
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it is still possible to squeeze a little more
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to the taxpayer especially to the most
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rich and like the shape of the curve and its
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mythical sweet spot are difficult
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in two arguments they can be used
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both by supporters and by
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detractors the laffer curve therefore
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can be used instrumentally
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to get one thing or another according to
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whoever draws it is right here to recognize
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that the Fehr theory produced in the
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80s a change in policies
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prosecutors in the wake of economic successes
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by ronald reagan and margaret thatcher
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