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Generating Electricity with Non Renewable and Renewable Energy Resources - YouTube
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So in this picture we've got an example of a non
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renewable power plant generating
electricity.
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And notice that we've got these 6
numbers down at the bottom,
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kind of a legend for the picture, and we can
start with number 1 being
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fuel is burned to make heat. In this case we
have
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what's most likely coal. And remember from
the previous presentation that coal is
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usually crushed
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into a fine powder before it's routed into
a furnace.
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So that's what number one is, fuel is burned to make heat, and this fuel is coal.
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The second thing that we see, the second
bullet,
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says water is heated turning it into steam.
Notice that we've got
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then, within the furnace, a series of
pipes.
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Liquid water comes in on one side, is
routed through the pipes,
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and the pipes are situated literally
within the flames
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of the furnace, and so these pipes acquire
the furnaces heat,
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and the water inside the pipe then
acquires the pipe's heat.
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So energy is transferred from the fuel
via combustion,
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into the pipes, and then into the water. And when water does this it
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changes state. It turns from liquid into
vapor.
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We call this steam. So out from the other
side,
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and this is number three, steam travels
through a stream line.
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So out of the boiler then comes stream,
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and this steam is then routed to a steam
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turbine. The steam turbine's job, remember from a previous presentation,
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is to spin. That's the only thing it does.
So steam comes in on one side, its
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high-pressure,
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and it then induces spin in the turbine.
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Notice also number four, the stream
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turns a turbine to spin a shaft. The
shaft, remember, is connected to number
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five,
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the generator. and number 5 down here says,
inside the generator
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the shaft spins wires producing
electricity.
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And we see then, we have a detail here,
of a generator here,
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the same detail that I used in a
previous presentation, and we have then
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of course copper coil spinning in
relation to
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these magnets. When this happens, you
get electricity generated.
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Number six explains then that it
first goes through a switch yard.
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In a switch yard the voltage of the
electricity is stepped up, that is it's
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increased.
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And the reason for that is because
oftentimes power plants need to send
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their electricity over many many miles,
sometimes hundreds and hundreds of miles,
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and the best way to do this is with high
voltage because that
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then eliminate some of these things
called line losses.
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So the switch yard is where the increase
in voltage happens,
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and then from there it is sent to
consumers.
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Notice also in this diagram, although
it's not mentioned in this key down here,
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that there is, beneath the turbine, a
condenser.
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So we have steam coming in on one side,
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the turbine spinning, and then right
beneath that we have a condenser. The
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condenser
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literally condenses steam back into
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water. Now a good question would, well,
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if the turbine runs on steam, then why in the
world would you
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turn it back into water in order to
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then boil it all over again? Well,
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engineers have figured out that this is
in fact the most efficient way
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to induce the best and most efficient
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spin in a turbine. By condensing the steam
into
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liquid, you create a vacuum, and that
vacuum helps
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the turbine spin more efficiently than
if
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there was just steam coming in on one
side and steam going out on the
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other.
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Noe if we contrast this picture
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with the next one, this is an example
of
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renewable electricity generation. In this
case we have
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wind, but we could have used many other
ones, but wind is a
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handy one here. Notice at the
very front we have
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the rotor hub and a couple blades. Usually turbines have three blades.
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And this wind turbine,
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that "turbine" word, is important because
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remember a turbine's job is to spin. So
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these blades capture the wind and then a
spin
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is induced. Notice here we've got from the
turbine a shaft,
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and that shaft is connected to
a generator.
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Before its connect to the generator however,
it always goes through what's called a
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gearbox.
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And this gearbox takes the low-speed
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of the spinning turbine shaft and then
steps it up
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to an increased speed. And remember, more
speed
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to your spinning shaft means more
voltage,
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and higher voltage means you can move
that electricity down the wires better
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than
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at low voltage. So inside this
turbine's housing
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you have then a generator, and although
we can't see inside this generator,
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we know from the previous presentations
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that they're simply copper coils and
magnets
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situated in a certain way so that when
one spins in relation to another
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they are in very close proximity and
capture all the magnetic flux lines,
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and induce all those electrons to start moving through the copper.
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