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These Chips Are Better Than CPUs (ASICs and FPGAs) - YouTube
Channel: Techquickie
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modern cpus are awesome you can play
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games create content and even watch tech
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explainer videos with handsome hosts i
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guess it was supposed to be someone else
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on the same machine but as great as this
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versatility is there are times when
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you'd really rather have a chip that can
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do just one thing but do it really
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really well now there are lots of
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electronics that contain chips called
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asics or fpgas instead of regular cpus
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and we're going to explain what these
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are one at a time starting with asics
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not to be confused with the shoe company
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asic stands for application specific
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integrated circuit and it does exactly
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what it sounds like processes data for
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one application
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this is because asics are built very
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differently from your typical x86 or arm
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or risk 5 general processor
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a regular processor can apply many
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different kinds of calculations
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depending on what a program needs but
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asics are hardwired to perform only the
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calculations or to run only the
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algorithms that are needed for a
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specific task this hardwiring can happen
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in a couple of ways some asics are
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manufactured in what's called a
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semi-custom manner where the fab has
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what's essentially a blank template of
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logic gates which are then permanently
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connected according to the design the
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client needs
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meanwhile other a6 are full custom
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designs where the entire chip and every
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transistor is pretty much designed from
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scratch unsurprisingly because asics are
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so specialized they take a lot of time
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and money to develop but because asics
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are usually for small highly integrated
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devices that ship lots of units the cost
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of an individual asic tends to be quite
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low for example the chips inside usb
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chargers or network switches or even
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electronic toys are often asics but all
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of these are often low cost products
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network switches are particularly
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interesting applications since a simple
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15 unmanaged switch can handle network
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traffic better than a desktop cpu that
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costs 10 times as much but of course
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there's a good chance you've heard of
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asic-based crypto miners designed to run
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cryptographic hashes much more
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efficiently than a graphics card can and
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those are quite expensive due to both
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demand and the fact that they aren't as
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mass-produced as other asic-based
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devices
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and of course there's the fact that they
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make you money
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we'll tell you about the other kind of
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chip we're discussing today the fpga
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right after we thank grammarly for
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sponsoring this video thanks to
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grammarly for sponsoring this video
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let's switch gears right now and talk
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about fpgas or field programmable gate
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arrays how are those different
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you can think of these as sitting
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somewhere between an asic and a cpu
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their logic can be customized for
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specific applications but unlike asics
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they can actually be electrically
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reprogrammed after they've been
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manufactured you can think of the
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structure of an fpga as being kind of
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like lego blocks once you put them
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together they'll stay that way but you
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can always take them apart and put them
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back together and make something
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completely different
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now although fpgas aren't quite as
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powerful as purpose-built asics their
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versatility has made them increasingly
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popular for machine learning
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applications as they can be optimized
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for different ai models in neural
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networks yet still outperform
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traditional cpus and even gpus but
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perhaps even more interesting is that
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you can reconstruct other kinds of
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processors inside an fpga including the
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ones from say for example retro game
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consoles
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there have been some really cool
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projects that use an fpga to recreate
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the retro gaming experience as
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faithfully as possible such as the
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nt-mini and the mega sg from analog the
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fpgas inside those consoles contain
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circuitry that very closely mimics the
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original nes and sega genesis processors
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respectively meaning that it's a much
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smoother and more accurate experience
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than software emulation like what gets
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used by those classic plug-and-play
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consoles that have gained popularity
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recently
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another really awesome fpga project is
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the mr another gaming device that
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actually allows you to choose between
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different old-school consoles and arcade
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games then reprogram the fpga on the fly
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according to what you want to play it's
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kind of like a transformer but on the
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inside like that time i washed down a
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mentos with a bottle of pepsi
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oh subscribe
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that's the end
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