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Lec-2: Introduction to DBMS (Database Management System) With Real life examples | What is DBMS - YouTube
Channel: Gate Smashers
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Hello friends, welcome to Gate Smashers
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today we are going to start with
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the very first lecture of DBMS
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i.e. database management system,
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DBMS is a very important system
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in terms of GATE exam, UGC NET exam
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and other competitive exam.
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Even if I say a simple thing,
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in today's time for a B.tech student
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and even BCA student,
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DBMS is very important subject,
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means you can also say that
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it's very emerging subject,
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means if I talk about 6-7 years ago from today,
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then at that time less questions were
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asked from DBMS in interviews,
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but today's time Most of the questions
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are being asked from the database.
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The major reason for this is that
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all the top companies,
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the major MNC companies, which we call
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Top Fifty Fortune Company like Facebook,
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Google, Amazon,
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So whatever major company are there,
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All their work is going on on whom,
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is running on the database.
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All this company whose
work is based on the database,
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so obviously they will ask the question
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from the database itself.
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So that's why DBMS is a very important
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subject even from the interview point of view.
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so we are starting DBMS,
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I am starting from the very initial level,
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so first of all I have written here database system,
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I am not talking about DBMS right now,
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the first term I am talking
about here Database system.
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Database system, what is database system
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as I just told about Facebook.
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Even let's talk about India then Indian Railways,
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if we talk about IRCTC,
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then Indian Railways has its own database system,
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Facebook has its own database system,
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what Flipkart has, its own database system.
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Now there are 2 terms in that database system,
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one is database, one is DBMS,
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which means database system is
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comprised of two things,
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one is database and another one is DBMS.
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Now if I talk about database,
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what is the database ?
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It has absolutely simple definition,
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database is a collection of related data.
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here I am telling you in a very layman language
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it is a collection of related data.
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As the name suggests, database means
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where a lot of data is collected.
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But related data,
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what is the meaning of related data
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like we talk about Indian Railways,
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IRCTC has its own database,
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a very big database.
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Now in that database, What will happen in that?
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What happens when you log in, first of all,
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like the information of the train,
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means if you want to go somewhere,
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then you are searching the information
of the train in it.
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Apart from that, what IRCTC will have,
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information of the passenger,
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which passengers,
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Those who have ever traveled on a train
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or are logged into IRCTC account.
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Will they have the data of the people
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from all over India.
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No, what I am trying to tell you here,
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that database is a collection of related data.
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It is not that
we club any data among themselves,
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means Indian Railways cannot club the
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data of Indian Passport with their data,
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they have their own data base,
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their own database of passport holders.
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Indian railway people have their own data base,
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that's why it is related data.
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Now here I have further bifurcated it.
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Generally database is structured & call it unstructured,
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although generally it is three structured,
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semi structured and unstructured.
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But actually if we talk about DBMS,
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then today's time, It doesn't come in so
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much details in gate or UGC NET,
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but you should know about
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what is structured data and unstructured data.
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What is structured data, such database
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which I can store in any particular shape or
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in a particular structure.
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And unstructured means which has no
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particular structure like I have written
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a simple example here,
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Indian railways data or university data.
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Now university data or railways data,
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Why it is structured because there is
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a particular structure for them.
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Which structures, the most important
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structures are used for structured data base
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that is RDBMS
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(Relational database management system)
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Now I am coming here on this term
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database management system.
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Now we are talking about that we saved the data
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means I have a lot of data,
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I saved the data in the backend,
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in hard drives, on the servers.
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Now What to do with that data,
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obvouisly users will search that data,
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user want to access the data,
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Now they will do some updates in the data,
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will insert some new data,
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will delete some old data,
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means they have to perform what
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operation on an average,
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have to do insertion means,
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some data has to be added,
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have to do deletion means
some data has to be deleted,
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have to update. Update means some old data,
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like address, address of a student
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was something else,
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has updated means it has changed.
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so we call all these things operations,
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Operations
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now I should have some system to
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perform all these operation,
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so that system we called
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database management system.
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So data base management system has
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collection of operations
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which provides easiness to the users,
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so that the users can easily perform
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the operations in the database,
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which operations, insertion, deletion, updation
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Now where can be the data,
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the data may be in the remote area,
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that means for example
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if I am sitting in Delhi
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and where is my data stored, in Mumbai.
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So the data, I have nothing to do with the location,
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I have to access the data
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and make some changes in that data.
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Means we access the data of IRCTC,
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we do some reservation of train.
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So we know where that data is stored, no.
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Because users have nothing to do with it,
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they just have to perform their operations.
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And the DBMS helps them to
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perform those operations.
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Now DBMS also we have various,
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different- different companies have been
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created different-different
database management system
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like, if I tell a simple example, Microsoft,
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Microsoft corporation has made SQL server,
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Oracle people have also made different
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versions of SQL server 2005, 2008, 2010,
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2016, various different version,
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same oracle has 2009, 2011, 2012 C, 2016,
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different versions, similarly with my SQL,
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its belongs to Oracle and DB2,
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its DBMS of IBM to manage the data,
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Now here we are talking about structured data,
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I am only focusing only on structured data
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out of this whole
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because what I told, structured data is
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such data Which has proper
structure to store the data
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and that structure is relation.
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Relation means table,
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means we stored structured data
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in which format,
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in table format. Table means,
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even if you do not know about it,
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no problem,
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I am explaining it in a very simple point of view,
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means if you have seen the excel file,
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there are columns amd rows,
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you can compare that with it.
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Means what is a table,
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in which there are some columns
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and different different rows.
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Now technically we call this table, relation.
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But what is my point is that
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how we store data structure data
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can also have different ways
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but the most useable method is relation,
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means how to store data in relation form,
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in table form.
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Now when I am storing the
data in the form of relation
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then obviously I also need some management system,
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i need some platform
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which support the relation.
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Means whenever the user access the data,
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it show the relation.
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whenever users store data,
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it goes and store the data in the relation,
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like IRCTC.
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Now if you remember that
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you have ever logged in to IRCTC,
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then you first check it,
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when you enter the source and destination,
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then you will get the information of all the trains,
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And it comes in which format,
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it comes in the table format,
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in which first column is train number,
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train name
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& also different like number of compartment,
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apartments, type of seats, departure time,
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departure date, different
databases have their own columns.
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we're not talking about that right now.
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We are talking in simple format,
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whom I am talking about here,
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only structured data. Because in B.Tech
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which we study RDBMS
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(Relational Database Management System),
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in that all we are focusing on, on whom,
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the structure. In GATE also questions comes from this,
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in UGC NET, even in all the competitive
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exams the questions comes on structure data,
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and how to store structured data,
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in the form of relation.
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Now storing the relation and accessing it,
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What do I need, Management System.
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So what is a DBMS? A Management System,
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but for whom? for relation.
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So that's why a new term has come from
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here RDBMS,
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that is relational database management system,
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so this is our subject
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i.e. relational database management system,
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a system where we can perform, insert,
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delete, update many operations.,
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but on whom will we perform?
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On relations.
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So this is the basic introduction of the RDBMS.
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I forget to explain about unstructured data actually,
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unstructured data means
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data which does not have
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any particular structure to store it,
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means there is no predefined structure
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where I can store that data. Why ?
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Because the majority of the data in the
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unstructured data are like photos, videos,
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which do not have any particular format.
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As i am talking about a web page,
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what is in a web page,
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web page is a collection of photos, videos, chats
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they do not have any particular format,
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they can be in any format.
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It may means that the web page first
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contains the video, then your image,
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then some text in it or maybe
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the first few paragraphs came.
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But structured data will always be in a
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particular format and what is its format?
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Table.
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We are not talking about unstructured data
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because our main topic is,
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our subject is RDBMS is
working only on structure data.
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This is just a extra thing,
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I just want to explain to you.
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And another one point is,
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if i talk about today's time,
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90% of the data on the Earth is actually
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unstructured.
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So all the technologies in today's time,
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the maximum technologies are coming
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on the unstructured data,
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But this doesn't mean that structure data is closed,
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structured data is also exist.
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But most of the technologies are on
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unstructured data which is being used
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the most at today's time,
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like if i tell a simple example then
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If we talk about big data or Hadoop,
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we use all these terms in unstructured data.
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But here i will explain only about
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structured data and RDBMS
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in further videos.
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